What is the common rail of the excavator
In the field of engineering machinery, especially excavator technology, "common rail" is a professional term that appears at high frequency. This article will conduct a detailed analysis on the definition, working principle, technical advantages and market status of excavator common rail system, and attach data on popular engineering machinery topics throughout the network for reference in the past 10 days.
1. Definition of common rail system of excavator
Common Rail refers to the high-pressure fuel injection system used by modern diesel engines. Its core feature is to provide constant high-pressure fuel to each injector through the common oil rail (pressure accumulator). In excavator applications, common rail technology is mainly reflected in:
| Components | Function | Work pressure |
|---|---|---|
| High pressure oil pump | Generate 100-200MPa ultra-high pressure fuel | 1800-2500bar |
| Common rail pipe | Store high-pressure fuel and suppress pressure fluctuations | Constant pressure control |
| Electrical fuel injector | Accurately control the timing and quantity of fuel injection | Microsecond response |
2. Technical working principle
Compared with traditional mechanical injection systems, the common rail system of the excavator is implemented through an electronic control unit (ECU):
| Control dimensions | Traditional system | Common rail system |
|---|---|---|
| Injection pressure | Change with speed | Independent adjustable |
| Fuel injection moment | Mechanical cam decision | Electrical control adjustment |
| Fuel injection volume | Rack control | Precise control of solenoid valves |
3. Comparison of technical advantages
The core improvements brought by the common rail system to the excavator:
| index | Increase | Effectiveness |
|---|---|---|
| Fuel economy | 15-20% | Reduce operating costs |
| Emission level | Meet National IV/Stage IV | Environmental compliance |
| Noise control | Reduce 3-5 decibels | Improve the operating environment |
4. Recent industry hotspots (data in the past 10 days)
| Hot Topics | Discussion hot topic | Related Brands |
|---|---|---|
| New energy excavator subsidy | ★★★★★ | Sany/XCM |
| National IV equipment switching | ★★★★☆ | Komatsu/Carter |
| Common rail system fault diagnosis | ★★★☆☆ | Bosch/Delphi |
| Intelligent remote monitoring | ★★★☆☆ | Hitachi/Volvo |
V. Typical fault analysis
According to recent maintenance big data, common problems with the common rail system of excavators include:
| Fault phenomenon | Percentage | main reason |
|---|---|---|
| Difficulty in starting | 32% | High pressure pump wear/rail pressure sensor failure |
| Insufficient power | 28% | Injector clogged/ECU program error |
| Black smoke | 25% | Injection timing deviation/intake system problems |
6. Future development trends
With the advancement of technology, the common rail system of excavator is moving towards:
Higher pressure: 3000bar level system development
Intelligent adjustment: AI algorithm dynamically optimizes injection parameters
System integration: Coordinated control with post-processing device
Conclusion:As the core technology of modern engineering machinery, the excavator common rail system is directly related to equipment performance and market competitiveness. It is recommended that users focus on the technical generation and brand reliability of the common rail system when purchasing equipment, and pay attention to fuel cleanliness and regular maintenance during daily use to give full play to the advantages of common rail technology.
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