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What is the common rail of the excavator

2025-09-28 01:16:28 mechanical

What is the common rail of the excavator

In the field of engineering machinery, especially excavator technology, "common rail" is a professional term that appears at high frequency. This article will conduct a detailed analysis on the definition, working principle, technical advantages and market status of excavator common rail system, and attach data on popular engineering machinery topics throughout the network for reference in the past 10 days.

1. Definition of common rail system of excavator

What is the common rail of the excavator

Common Rail refers to the high-pressure fuel injection system used by modern diesel engines. Its core feature is to provide constant high-pressure fuel to each injector through the common oil rail (pressure accumulator). In excavator applications, common rail technology is mainly reflected in:

ComponentsFunctionWork pressure
High pressure oil pumpGenerate 100-200MPa ultra-high pressure fuel1800-2500bar
Common rail pipeStore high-pressure fuel and suppress pressure fluctuationsConstant pressure control
Electrical fuel injectorAccurately control the timing and quantity of fuel injectionMicrosecond response

2. Technical working principle

Compared with traditional mechanical injection systems, the common rail system of the excavator is implemented through an electronic control unit (ECU):

Control dimensionsTraditional systemCommon rail system
Injection pressureChange with speedIndependent adjustable
Fuel injection momentMechanical cam decisionElectrical control adjustment
Fuel injection volumeRack controlPrecise control of solenoid valves

3. Comparison of technical advantages

The core improvements brought by the common rail system to the excavator:

indexIncreaseEffectiveness
Fuel economy15-20%Reduce operating costs
Emission levelMeet National IV/Stage IVEnvironmental compliance
Noise controlReduce 3-5 decibelsImprove the operating environment

4. Recent industry hotspots (data in the past 10 days)

Hot TopicsDiscussion hot topicRelated Brands
New energy excavator subsidy★★★★★Sany/XCM
National IV equipment switching★★★★☆Komatsu/Carter
Common rail system fault diagnosis★★★☆☆Bosch/Delphi
Intelligent remote monitoring★★★☆☆Hitachi/Volvo

V. Typical fault analysis

According to recent maintenance big data, common problems with the common rail system of excavators include:

Fault phenomenonPercentagemain reason
Difficulty in starting32%High pressure pump wear/rail pressure sensor failure
Insufficient power28%Injector clogged/ECU program error
Black smoke25%Injection timing deviation/intake system problems

6. Future development trends

With the advancement of technology, the common rail system of excavator is moving towards:

  • Higher pressure: 3000bar level system development

  • Intelligent adjustment: AI algorithm dynamically optimizes injection parameters

  • System integration: Coordinated control with post-processing device

Conclusion:As the core technology of modern engineering machinery, the excavator common rail system is directly related to equipment performance and market competitiveness. It is recommended that users focus on the technical generation and brand reliability of the common rail system when purchasing equipment, and pay attention to fuel cleanliness and regular maintenance during daily use to give full play to the advantages of common rail technology.

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